{"id":33139,"date":"2022-07-28T14:04:44","date_gmt":"2022-07-28T14:04:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.m-a-arabia.com\/site\/?p=33139"},"modified":"2022-07-28T14:04:44","modified_gmt":"2022-07-28T14:04:44","slug":"%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-1-%d8%a3-%d8%af-%d8%a3%d8%a8%d9%88-%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.m-a-arabia.com\/site\/33139.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (1) – \u0623.\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n\u0633\u0623\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0623\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646.<\/span>
\n\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644: <\/span>
\n1-\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627 (\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631): <\/span>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1895\u0645\/ 1312\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0630\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062f. \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0630 1379\u0625\u0644\u0649 1384\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 1969\u0645\/ 1388\u0647.<\/span>
\n2- \u062f.\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0645\u064a (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642):<\/span>
\n\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u062f.\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0645\u064a (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642) \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1384\u062d\u062a\u0649 1388\u0647.<\/span>
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\n5-\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642):<\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1939\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 1945\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0633)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 1947\u0645. \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a). \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062a\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1985\u0645. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0636 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u064a\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0623\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0643\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/span>
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\n\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062f. \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629)\u060c (\u0644\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a)\u060c (\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629- \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629)\u060c (\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a)\u060c (\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a- \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0647)\u060c (\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629)\u060c (\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646)\u060c (\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629- \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u062d\u0649)\u060c (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u062d\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642). <\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629- \u0644\u062a\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0643\u0647)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0644\u0641 \u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0645)\u060c (\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646) \u062c 4 \u06485. (\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646). <\/span>
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(\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0646\u062b\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0621)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631)\u060c (\u0630\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0645\u0639\u064a)\u060c (\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a)\u060c (\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0631\u062c\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0631)\u060c (\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a)\u060c (\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a)\u060c (\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a)\u060c (\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644)\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0638\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644)\u060c (\u0646\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a)\u060c (\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a). \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a 1422\u0647\u0640\/ 2001\u0645.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

7-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0643\u0640\u064a(\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631): <\/span>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1927\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1948. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a) \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1969\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a) \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1961 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629” \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1963.<\/span>
\n\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0645\u0639\u064a” \u0639\u0627\u0645 1963\u0645. \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u064a. <\/span>
\n\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: (\u0637\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0645\u0639\u064a)\u060c \u0648(\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a)\u060c \u0648(\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062e\u062a)\u060c \u0648(\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0634: \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649) \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648(\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0631)\u060c \u0648(\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647)\u060c \u0648(\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646)\u060c \u0648(\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a)\u060c \u0648(\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0631)\u060c \u0648(\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646).<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 (\u0648\u062e\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0646) \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 (\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629)\u060c (\u063a\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0639)\u060c \u0648(\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639). <\/span>
\n\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: \u0642\u0635\u0629 (\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0631 (\u0646\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641).<\/span>
\n8-\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0638\u0627\u0638\u0627(1919-1999) (\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631):<\/span>
\n\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0638\u0627\u0638\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629. <\/span>
\n\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0626\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644. \u0648\u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a \u062f.\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u062a\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629).<\/span>
\n\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0638\u0627\u0638\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1941\u0645. \u062b\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1944\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0623 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1951\u0645. \u062b\u0645 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1955\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1958\u0645. \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1969\u0645. \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/span>
\n\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0638\u0627\u0638\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629: (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629)\u060c (\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628: \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629: (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0647)\u060c (\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f\u061f)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c (\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a)\u060c (\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a: “\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a”.<\/span>
\n9-\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 (1922- 2013)(\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642):<\/span>
\n\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a. \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1961\u0645. \u062b\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. <\/span>
\n\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 (\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646)\u060c (\u0623\u0644\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0646)\u060c (\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629)\u060c (\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629)\u060c (\u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0645\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0629)\u060c (\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641)\u060c (\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0631)\u060c (\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0627\u0639\u062a)\u060c (\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631)\u060c (\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0647)\u060c (\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649)\u060c (\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646)\u060c (\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0633)\u060c (\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0627 \u0628\u063a\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0627\u062f!).<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 (\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0641\u0631)\u060c (\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0649)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631)\u060c (\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627)\u060c (\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629: \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647)\u060c (\u062d\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0651\u0647\u0627).<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629: (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629)\u060c (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b: \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)\u060c (\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u062c1)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642: \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627)\u060c (\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0634\u0643\u0631: \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642)\u060c (\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628)\u060c (\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b – \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629)\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631)\u060c (\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a)\u060c (\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0623\u062f)\u060c (\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634: \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628)\u060c (\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0633)\u060c (\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642: \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633)\u060c (\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)\u060c (\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a)\u060c (\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629).<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a: (\u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642)\u060c (\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a).<\/span>
\n10- \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 (1930\u0645 \u2013 1997\u0645)(\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631):<\/span>
\n\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1972 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0623\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u064a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0627\u0638\u0647 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0651\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0632.<\/span>
\n\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647: (\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062c\u0631)\u060c (\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a)\u060c (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u062c\u0632\u0622\u0646)\u060c (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)\u060c (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642)\u060c (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 “\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629”)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0646: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645).<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647: (\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0648\u062a)\u060c (\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a) \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c (\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a).<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647: (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645)\u060c (\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0627)\u060c (\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0631\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062f)\u060c (\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u062f)\u060c (\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0648).<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0647: (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a)\u060c (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0635\u0628)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631)\u060c (\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b)\u060c (\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)\u060c (\u0639\u0628\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a).<\/span>
\n11-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u0661\u0669\u0662\u0664- 2013)(\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631):<\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0627 (1975: 1979)\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 1949. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 (\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a)1952. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 (\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f.<\/span>
\n\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/span>
\n(\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629) \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0649)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a)\u060c (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629: \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b: \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647)\u060c (\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639)\u060c (\u200f\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629)\u060c (\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f).<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: (\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a)\u060c (\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c (\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0631)\u060c (\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646). (\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a) \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a: (\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a).<\/span><\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1378\u0647\u0640. \u0641\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0645 … <\/p>\n

\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1957,"featured_media":33029,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1615],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1615","nodate"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (1) - \u0623.\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646 - \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.m-a-arabia.com\/site\/33139.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (1) - \u0623.\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646 - \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1378\u0647\u0640. \u0641\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0645 … \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f »\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.m-a-arabia.com\/site\/33139.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-07-28T14:04:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.m-a-arabia.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u062f.-\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06461.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"194\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"260\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"ftwa\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"ftwa\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.m-a-arabia.com\\\/site\\\/33139.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.m-a-arabia.com\\\/site\\\/33139.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"ftwa\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.m-a-arabia.com\\\/site\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/917ed3a2e33c859da895dba28909c875\"},\"headline\":\"\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (1) – \u0623.\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 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